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China best Professional Supply CZPT CZPT CZPT CZPT Wheel Hub Bearing Dac37720033 Vkba857 35bwd01c for Car Parts Trailer Parts near me factory

Product Description

Wheel  hub bearing can bear the weight and provide precise guidance for the rotation of the hub. It bears both axial load and radial load, and is a very important component. The hub bearing unit is developed on the basis of standard angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings. It combines 2 sets of bearings as a whole. It has good assembly performance, can omit clearance adjustment, light weight, compact structure, and load capacity. Large, sealed bearings can be pre-loaded with grease, omit external wheel hub seals, and are free from maintenance. They have been widely used in cars, and there is a trend to gradually expand their applications in trucks.

A wide range of applications:

• agriculture and forestry equipment
• automotive and industrial gearboxes
• automotive and truck electric components, such as alternators
• electric motors
• fluid machinery
• material handling
• power tools and household appliances
• textile machinery
• two Wheeler.

 

Our Bearing Advantage:

1.Free Sample bearing

2.ISO Standard

3.Bearing Small order accepted

4.In Stock bearing

5.OEM bearing service

6.Professional:16 years manufacture bearing

7.Customized bearing, Customer’s bearing drawing or samples accepted

8.Competitive price bearing

9.TT Payment or Western Union or Trade Assurance Order
 

Product Name Wheel hub bearing DAC37720033 VKBA857 35BWD01C
Brand Name KOYO 
Seals Type OPEN
Material Chrome Steel ,Stainless steel,Ceramic,Nylon
Clearance C0,C2,C3,C4,C5
Precision Grade P0,P6,P5,P4,P2(ABEC1, ABEC3, ABEC5, ABEC7, ABEC9)
Greese SRL ,PS2, Alvania R12 ,etc
Number of Row Single Row  
Certifications ISO 9001
Package Box,Carton,Wooden Box,Plastic Tube or Per buyers requirement .
MOQ 1PCS
Serice  OEM
Sample Available
Payment Term  TT or Western Union
Port HangZhou/HangZhou/ZheJiang

PRODUCT DISPLAY

1. What is your Before-sales Service ?

1.Offer bearing related consultation about technology and application;

2.Help customers about bearing choice, clearance configuration, products’ life and reliability analysis;

3.Offer highly cost-effective and complete solution program according to site conditions;

4.Offer localized program on introduced equipment to save running cost

5.Design and develop non-standard bearing to support customers’ technology innovation.

2. What is your After-sales Service ?

1.Offer training about bearing installation and maintenance;

2.Offer guidance about bearing installation, adjustment and testing at site;

3.Help customers with trouble diagnosis and failure analysis;

4.Visit customers regularly and feedback their rational suggestions and requirements to company.

 If you want to know more details, please contact us.
 

What You Should Know About Axle Shafts

There are several things you should know about axle shafts. These include what materials they’re made of, how they’re constructed, and the signs of wear and tear. Read on to learn more about axle shafts and how to properly maintain them. Axle shafts are a crucial part of any vehicle. But how can you tell if 1 is worn out? Here are some tips that can help you determine whether it’s time to replace it.

Materials used for axle shafts

When it comes to materials used in axle shafts, there are 2 common types of materials. One is carbon fiber, which is relatively uncommon for linear applications. Carbon fiber shafting is produced by CZPT(r). The main benefit of carbon fiber shafting is its ultra-low weight. A carbon fiber shaft of 20mm diameter weighs just 0.17kg, as opposed to 2.46kg for a steel shaft of the same size.
The other type of material used in axle shafts is forged steel. This material is strong, but it is difficult to machine. The resulting material has residual stresses, voids, and hard spots that make it unsuitable for some applications. A forged steel shaft will not be able to be refinished to its original dimensions. In such cases, the shaft must be machined down to reduce the material’s hardness.
Alternatively, you can choose to purchase a through-hardened shaft. These types of axle shafts are suitable for light cars and those that use single bearings on their hub. However, the increased diameter of the axle shaft will result in less resistance to shock loads and torsional forces. For these applications, it is best to use medium-carbon alloy steel (MCA), which contains nickel and chromium. In addition, you may also need to jack up your vehicle to replace the axle shaft.
The spline features of the axle shaft must mate with the spline feature on the axle assembly. The spline feature has a slight curve that optimizes contact surface area and distribution of load. The process involves hobbing and rolling, and it requires special tooling to form this profile. However, it is important to note that an axle shaft with a cut spline will have a 30% smaller diameter than the corresponding 1 with an involute profile.
Another common material is the 300M alloy, which is a modified 4340 chromoly. This alloy provides additional strength, but is more prone to cracking. For this reason, this alloy isn’t suited for street-driven vehicles. Axle shafts made from this alloy are magnaflushed to detect cracks before they cause catastrophic failure. This heat treatment is not as effective as the other materials, but it is still a good choice for axle shafts.
Driveshaft

Construction

There are 3 basic types of axle shafts: fully floating, three-quarter floating, and semi-floating. Depending on how the shaft is used, the axles can be either stationary or fully floating. Fully floating axle shafts are most common, but there are exceptions. Axle shafts may also be floating or stationary, or they may be fixed. When they are stationary, they are known as non-floating axles.
Different alloys have different properties. High-carbon steels are harder than low-carbon steels, while medium-carbon steels are less ductile. Medium-carbon steel is often used in axle shafts. Some shafts contain additional metals, including silicon, nickel, and copper, for case hardening. High-carbon steels are preferred over low-carbon steels. Axle shafts with high carbon content often have better heat-treatability than OE ones.
A semi-floating axle shaft has a single bearing between the hub and casing, relieving the main shear stress on the shaft but must still withstand other stresses. A half shaft needs to withstand bending loads from side thrust during cornering while transmitting driving torque. A three-quarter floating axle shaft is typically fitted to commercial vehicles that are more capable of handling higher axle loads and torque. However, it is possible to replace or upgrade the axle shaft with a replacement axle shaft, but this will require jacking the vehicle and removing the studs.
A half-floating axle is an alternative to a fixed-length rear axle. This axle design is ideal for mid-size trucks. It supports the weight of the mid-size truck and may support mid-size trucks with high towing capacities. The axle housing supports the inner end of the axle and also takes up the end thrust from the vehicle’s tires. A three-quarter floating axle, on the other hand, is a complex type that is not as simple as a semi-floating axle.
Axle shafts are heavy-duty load-bearing components that transmit rotational force from the rear differential gearbox to the rear wheels. The half shaft and the axle casing support the road wheel. Below is a diagram of different forces that can occur in the axle assembly depending on operating conditions. The total weight of the vehicle’s rear can exert a bending action on the half shaft, and the overhanging section of the shaft can be subject to a shearing force.
Driveshaft

Symptoms of wear out

The constant velocity axle, also called the half shaft, transmits power from the transmission to the wheels, allowing the vehicle to move forward. When it fails, it can result in many problems. Here are 4 common symptoms of a bad CV axle:
Bad vibrations: If you notice any sort of abnormal vibration while driving, this may be a sign of axle damage. Vibrations may accompany a strange noise coming from under the vehicle. You may also notice tire wobble. It is important to repair this problem as it could be harmful to your car’s handling and comfort. A damaged axle is generally accompanied by other problems, including a weak braking response.
A creaking or popping sound: If you hear this noise when turning your vehicle, you probably have a worn out CV axle. When the CV joints lose their balance, the driveshaft is no longer supported by the U-joints. This can cause a lot of vibrations, which can reduce your vehicle’s comfort and safety. Fortunately, there are easy ways to check for worn CV axles.
CV joints: A CV joint is located at each end of the axle shaft. In front-wheel drive vehicles, there are 2 CV joints, 1 on each axle. The outer CV joint connects the axle shaft to the wheel and experiences more movement. In fact, the CV joints are only as good as the boot. The most common symptoms of a failed CV joint include clicking and popping noises while turning or when accelerating.
CV joint: Oftentimes, CV joints wear out half of the axle shaft. While repairing a CV joint is a viable repair, it is more expensive than replacing the axle. In most cases, you should replace the CV joint. Replacement will save you time and money. ACV joints are a vital part of your vehicle’s drivetrain. Even if they are worn, they should be checked if they are loose.
Unresponsive acceleration: The vehicle may be jerky, shuddering, or slipping. This could be caused by a bent axle. The problem may be a loose U-joint or center bearing, and you should have your vehicle inspected immediately by a qualified mechanic. If you notice jerkiness, have a mechanic check the CV joints and other components of the vehicle. If these components are not working properly, the vehicle may be dangerous.
Driveshaft

Maintenance

There are several points of concern regarding the maintenance of axle shafts. It is imperative to check the axle for any damage and to lubricate it. If it is clean, it may be lubricated and is working properly. If not, it will require replacement. The CV boots need to be replaced. A broken axle shaft can result in catastrophic damage to the transmission or even cause an accident. Fortunately, there are several simple ways to maintain the axle shaft.
In addition to oil changes, it is important to check the differential lube level. Some differentials need cleaning or repacking every so often. CZPT Moreno Valley, CA technicians know how to inspect and maintain axles, and they can help you determine if a problem is affecting your vehicle’s performance. Some common signs of axle problems include excessive vibrations, clunking, and a high-pitched howling noise.
If you’ve noticed any of these warning signs, contact your vehicle’s manufacturer. Most manufacturers offer service for their axles. If it’s too rusted or damaged, they’ll replace it for you for free. If you’re in doubt, you can take it to a service center for a repair. They’ll be happy to assist you in any aspect of your vehicle’s maintenance. It’s never too early to begin.
CZPT Moreno Valley, CA technicians are well-versed in the repair of axles and differentials. The CV joint, which connects the car’s transmission to the rear wheels, is responsible for transferring the power from the engine to the wheels. Aside from the CV joint, there are also protective boots on both ends of the axle shaft. The protective boots can tear with age or use. When they tear, they allow grease and debris to escape and get into the joint.
While the CV joint is the most obvious place to replace it, this isn’t a time to ignore this important component. Taking care of the CV joint will protect your car from costly breakdowns at the track. While servicing half shafts can help prevent costly replacement of CV joints, it’s best to do it once a season or halfway through the season. ACV joints are essential for your car’s safety and function.

China best Professional Supply CZPT CZPT CZPT CZPT Wheel Hub Bearing Dac37720033 Vkba857 35bwd01c for Car Parts Trailer Parts near me factory China best Professional Supply CZPT CZPT CZPT CZPT Wheel Hub Bearing Dac37720033 Vkba857 35bwd01c for Car Parts Trailer Parts near me factory

China high quality 812W93420-6097 Man Bridge Hub Bearing Unit for CZPT T7h Truck Parts near me factory

Product Description

  812W93420-6097 Man bridge Hub bearing unit For CZPT T7H Truck Parts Specification

Product Name Man bridge Hub bearing unit
Part Number  812W93420-6097
Package  Standard brand packing & Wooden Case Package & Customized
Suited Truck HOWO, 70 Mining Truck,  A7 ,T7H ,STYER ,MAN, SHACMAN, FAW, BEIBEN
Delivery Time Within 3 working days after payment
Port Any China Port.
Payment Terms  T/T, L/C, Western Union

FAQ
Q1. What is your terms of packing?
A: Generally, we pack our goods in neutral carton and wooden case. We also can pack the goods according to your instruction including out package and kinds of labels.

Q2. How about your delivery time?
A: Generally, it will take 5 to 7 working days after receiving your advance payment. The specific delivery time depends on the items and the quantity of your order.

Q3.What is your terms of payment?
A: Usually do T/T, L/C or Western Union,
T/T 30% as deposit, and 70% before delivery. We’ll show you the photos of the products and packages before you pay the balance.

Q4. Can you produce according to the samples?
A: Yes, we can produce by your samples or technical drawings.

Q5. Do you test all your goods before delivery?
A: Yes, but you will be always welcome to our company to inspect the goods before delivery

Q6. How do you make our business long-term and good relationship?
A:1. We keep good quality and competitive price to ensure our customers benefit ;
2. We respect every customer as our friend and we sincerely do business and make friends with them, no matter where they come from.HangZhou CZPT International Trading Co., Ltd. is a professional, modern and comprehensive enterprise integrating the assembly, wholesales as well as the foreign trade exporting heavy-duty trucks (especially CZPT )and truck all kinds of accessories, construction machinery parts, steels as well as construction materials for many years.Our main products: 1). Heavy duty truck accessories: CZPT (Howo, Steyr, Sitrak, Hoyun, Hoka, A7, T7H and so on), Shacman(Delong), Dofeng, FAW, Beiben, Weichai, Yuchai, CZPT and CZPT Engine parts.2). Construction Machinery: Sany, Shantui, Komatsu, Caterpillar,LiuGong, SDLG, LongKing and so on. Our company always adhere to the purpose of integrity, the life of quality, the leading of services as our business principle.
We warmly welcome customers and friends at home and abroad to visit and guide. CZPT people sincerely look forward to cooperate with you and create a wonderful future !

 

What Are Worm Gears and Worm Shafts?

If you’re looking for a fishing reel with a worm gear system, you’ve probably come across the term ‘worm gear’. But what are worm gears and worm shafts? And what are the advantages and disadvantages of worm gears? Let’s take a closer look! Read on to learn more about worm gears and shafts! Then you’ll be well on your way to purchasing a reel with a worm gear system.
worm shaft

worm gear reducers

Worm shaft reducers have a number of advantages over conventional gear reduction mechanisms. First, they’re highly efficient. While single stage worm reducers have a maximum reduction ratio of about 5 to 60, hypoid gears can typically go up to a maximum of 1 hundred and 20 times. A worm shaft reducer is only as efficient as the gearing it utilizes. This article will discuss some of the advantages of using a hypoid gear set, and how it can benefit your business.
To assemble a worm shaft reducer, first remove the flange from the motor. Then, remove the output bearing carrier and output gear assembly. Lastly, install the intermediate worm assembly through the bore opposite to the attachment housing. Once installed, you should carefully remove the bearing carrier and the gear assembly from the motor. Don’t forget to remove the oil seal from the housing and motor flange. During this process, you must use a small hammer to tap around the face of the plug near the outside diameter of the housing.
Worm gears are often used in reversing prevention systems. The backlash of a worm gear can increase with wear. However, a duplex worm gear was designed to address this problem. This type of gear requires a smaller backlash but is still highly precise. It uses different leads for the opposing tooth face, which continuously alters its tooth thickness. Worm gears can also be adjusted axially.

worm gears

There are a couple of different types of lubricants that are used in worm gears. The first, polyalkylene glycols, are used in cases where high temperature is not a concern. This type of lubricant does not contain any waxes, which makes it an excellent choice in low-temperature applications. However, these lubricants are not compatible with mineral oils or some types of paints and seals. Worm gears typically feature a steel worm and a brass wheel. The brass wheel is much easier to remodel than steel and is generally modeled as a sacrificial component.
The worm gear is most effective when it is used in small and compact applications. Worm gears can greatly increase torque or reduce speed, and they are often used where space is an issue. Worm gears are among the smoothest and quietest gear systems on the market, and their meshing effectiveness is excellent. However, the worm gear requires high-quality manufacturing to perform at its highest levels. If you’re considering a worm gear for a project, it’s important to make sure that you find a manufacturer with a long and high quality reputation.
The pitch diameters of both worm and pinion gears must match. The 2 worm cylinders in a worm wheel have the same pitch diameter. The worm wheel shaft has 2 pitch cylinders and 2 threads. They are similar in pitch diameter, but have different advancing angles. A self-locking worm gear, also known as a wormwheel, is usually self-locking. Moreover, self-locking worm gears are easy to install.

worm shafts

The deflection of worm shafts varies with toothing parameters. In addition to toothing length, worm gear size and pressure angle, worm gear size and number of helical threads are all influencing factors. These variations are modeled in the standard ISO/TS 14521 reference gear. This table shows the variations in each parameter. The ID indicates the worm shaft’s center distance. In addition, a new calculation method is presented for determining the equivalent bending diameter of the worm.
The deflection of worm shafts is investigated using a four-stage process. First, the finite element method is used to compute the deflection of a worm shaft. Then, the worm shaft is experimentally tested, comparing the results with the corresponding simulations. The final stage of the simulation is to consider the toothing geometry of 15 different worm gear toothings. The results of this step confirm the modeled results.
The lead on the right and left tooth surfaces of worms is the same. However, the lead can be varied along the worm shaft. This is called dual lead worm gear, and is used to eliminate play in the main worm gear of hobbing machines. The pitch diameters of worm modules are equal. The same principle applies to their pitch diameters. Generally, the lead angle increases as the number of threads decreases. Hence, the larger the lead angle, the less self-locking it becomes.
worm shaft

worm gears in fishing reels

Fishing reels usually include worm shafts as a part of the construction. Worm shafts in fishing reels allow for uniform worm winding. The worm shaft is attached to a bearing on the rear wall of the reel unit through a hole. The worm shaft’s front end is supported by a concave hole in the front of the reel unit. A conventional fishing reel may also have a worm shaft attached to the sidewall.
The gear support portion 29 supports the rear end of the pinion gear 12. It is a thick rib that protrudes from the lid portion 2 b. It is mounted on a bushing 14 b, which has a through hole through which the worm shaft 20 passes. This worm gear supports the worm. There are 2 types of worm gears available for fishing reels. The 2 types of worm gears may have different number of teeth or they may be the same.
Typical worm shafts are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel worm shafts are especially corrosion-resistant and durable. Worm shafts are used on spinning reels, spin-casting reels, and in many electrical tools. A worm shaft can be reversible, but it is not entirely reliable. There are numerous benefits of worm shafts in fishing reels. These fishing reels also feature a line winder or level winder.

worm gears in electrical tools

Worms have different tooth shapes that can help increase the load carrying capacity of a worm gear. Different tooth shapes can be used with circular or secondary curve cross sections. The pitch point of the cross section is the boundary for this type of mesh. The mesh can be either positive or negative depending on the desired torque. Worm teeth can also be inspected by measuring them over pins. In many cases, the lead thickness of a worm can be adjusted using a gear tooth caliper.
The worm shaft is fixed to the lower case section 8 via a rubber bush 13. The worm wheel 3 is attached to the joint shaft 12. The worm 2 is coaxially attached to the shaft end section 12a. This joint shaft connects to a swing arm and rotates the worm wheel 3.
The backlash of a worm gear may be increased if the worm is not mounted properly. To fix the problem, manufacturers have developed duplex worm gears, which are suitable for small backlash applications. Duplex worm gears utilize different leads on each tooth face for continuous change in tooth thickness. In this way, the center distance of the worm gear can be adjusted without changing the worm’s design.

worm gears in engines

Using worm shafts in engines has a few benefits. First of all, worm gears are quiet. The gear and worm face move in opposite directions so the energy transferred is linear. Worm gears are popular in applications where torque is important, such as elevators and lifts. Worm gears also have the advantage of being made from soft materials, making them easy to lubricate and to use in applications where noise is a concern.
Lubricants are necessary for worm gears. The viscosity of lubricants determines whether the worm is able to touch the gear or wheel. Common lubricants are ISO 680 and 460, but higher viscosity oil is not uncommon. It is essential to use the right lubricants for worm gears, since they cannot be lubricated indefinitely.
Worm gears are not recommended for engines due to their limited performance. The worm gear’s spiral motion causes a significant reduction in space, but this requires a high amount of lubrication. Worm gears are susceptible to breaking down because of the stress placed on them. Moreover, their limited speed can cause significant damage to the gearbox, so careful maintenance is essential. To make sure worm gears remain in top condition, you should inspect and clean them regularly.
worm shaft

Methods for manufacturing worm shafts

A novel approach to manufacturing worm shafts and gearboxes is provided by the methods of the present invention. Aspects of the technique involve manufacturing the worm shaft from a common worm shaft blank having a defined outer diameter and axial pitch. The worm shaft blank is then adapted to the desired gear ratio, resulting in a gearbox family with multiple gear ratios. The preferred method for manufacturing worm shafts and gearboxes is outlined below.
A worm shaft assembly process may involve establishing an axial pitch for a given frame size and reduction ratio. A single worm shaft blank typically has an outer diameter of 100 millimeters, which is the measurement of the worm gear set’s center distance. Upon completion of the assembly process, the worm shaft has the desired axial pitch. Methods for manufacturing worm shafts include the following:
For the design of the worm gear, a high degree of conformity is required. Worm gears are classified as a screw pair in the lower pairs. Worm gears have high relative sliding, which is advantageous when comparing them to other types of gears. Worm gears require good surface finish and rigid positioning. Worm gear lubrication usually comprises surface active additives such as silica or phosphor-bronze. Worm gear lubricants are often mixed. The lubricant film that forms on the gear teeth has little impact on wear and is generally a good lubricant.

China high quality 812W93420-6097 Man Bridge Hub Bearing Unit for CZPT T7h Truck Parts near me factory China high quality 812W93420-6097 Man Bridge Hub Bearing Unit for CZPT T7h Truck Parts near me factory

China high quality Wheel Bearing Kit (OE Ref: 191 498 625 A) for Audi/Seat/VW with high quality

Product Description

 

  • Inner Diameter: 40 mm
  • Outer Diameter: 72 mm
  • Fitting Position: Right
  • Fitting Position: Left
  • Width: 37 mm

Criteria

Criterion detail
Width 37 mm
Outer diameter 72 mm
Inner diameter 40 mm

Manufacturer\’s number*

O.E. No. Manufacturer
A AUDI
A AUDI
B AUDI
AUDI
B AUDI
A SEAT
A SEAT
SEAT
B SEAT
BS2 SEAT
A VAG
A VAG
B VAG
VAG
B VAG
A VW
A VW
AS1 VW
B VW
VW
B VW
BS2 VW
C VW

* Die aufgeführten Vergleichsnummern dienen nur zu besseren Identifikation.

 

most popular vehicles

No. Vehicle Year of manufacture Engine output in kw Engine capacity in cc. KBA-No. (German vehicle registration document)
1 VW GOLF IV Cabriolet (1E7) 1.6Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1998 – 06/2002 74KW (100PS) 1,595ccm 0603-375
2 VW GOLF IV Cabriolet (1E7) 1.9 TDIFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1998 – 06/2002 66KW (90PS) 1,896ccm 0603-373
3 VW GOLF IV Cabriolet (1E7) 2.0Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1998 – 06/2002 85KW (115PS) 1,984ccm 0603-377
4 VW CADDY II Pickup (9U7) 1.6Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1996 – 12/2000 55KW (75PS) 1,598ccm 0603-571
5 VW CADDY II Pickup (9U7) 1.9 DFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1996 – 12/2000 47KW (64PS) 1,896ccm 0603-571
6 VW POLO Box (86CF) 1.0Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  08/1992 – 07/1994 33KW (45PS) 1,043ccm 0600-241
7 VW POLO Box (86CF) 1.3Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  08/1992 – 07/1994 40KW (54PS) 1,272ccm 0600-242
8 VW POLO Box (86CF) 1.4 DFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  08/1992 – 07/1994 35KW (48PS) 1,398ccm 0600-243
9 VW POLO Box (6NF) 1.9 DFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  10/1994 – 12/1999 47KW (64PS) 1,896ccm 0600-258
10 VW POLO Box (6NF) 1.7 SDIFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  08/1997 – 12/1999 44KW (60PS) 1,716ccm 0600-267
11 VW POLO Box (6NF) 1.0Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  10/1994 – 12/1999 33KW (45PS) 1,043ccm 0600-255
12 VW GOLF IV Cabriolet (1E7) 1.9 TDIFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1998 – 06/2002 81KW (110PS) 1,896ccm 0603-376
13 VW PASSAT (3A2, 35I) 2.0Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  03/1995 – 08/1996 79KW (107PS) 1,984ccm –
14 VW PASSAT Variant (3A5, 35I) 2.0Fitting Position: Front Axle left and right  03/1995 – 08/1996 79KW (107PS) 1,984ccm –
15 VW POLO Variant (6KV5) 1.9 TDIFitting Position: Front Axle left and right  06/1998 – 09/2001 81KW (110PS) 1,896ccm 0603-358

 

 

Analytical Approaches to Estimating Contact Pressures in Spline Couplings

A spline coupling is a type of mechanical connection between 2 rotating shafts. It consists of 2 parts – a coupler and a coupling. Both parts have teeth which engage and transfer loads. However, spline couplings are typically over-dimensioned, which makes them susceptible to fatigue and static behavior. Wear phenomena can also cause the coupling to fail. For this reason, proper spline coupling design is essential for achieving optimum performance.
splineshaft

Modeling a spline coupling

Spline couplings are becoming increasingly popular in the aerospace industry, but they operate in a slightly misaligned state, causing both vibrations and damage to the contact surfaces. To solve this problem, this article offers analytical approaches for estimating the contact pressures in a spline coupling. Specifically, this article compares analytical approaches with pure numerical approaches to demonstrate the benefits of an analytical approach.
To model a spline coupling, first you create the knowledge base for the spline coupling. The knowledge base includes a large number of possible specification values, which are related to each other. If you modify 1 specification, it may lead to a warning for violating another. To make the design valid, you must create a spline coupling model that meets the specified specification values.
After you have modeled the geometry, you must enter the contact pressures of the 2 spline couplings. Then, you need to determine the position of the pitch circle of the spline. In Figure 2, the centre of the male coupling is superposed to that of the female spline. Then, you need to make sure that the alignment meshing distance of the 2 splines is the same.
Once you have the data you need to create a spline coupling model, you can begin by entering the specifications for the interface design. Once you have this data, you need to choose whether to optimize the internal spline or the external spline. You’ll also need to specify the tooth friction coefficient, which is used to determine the stresses in the spline coupling model 20. You should also enter the pilot clearance, which is the clearance between the tip 186 of a tooth 32 on 1 spline and the feature on the mating spline.
After you have entered the desired specifications for the external spline, you can enter the parameters for the internal spline. For example, you can enter the outer diameter limit 154 of the major snap 54 and the minor snap 56 of the internal spline. The values of these parameters are displayed in color-coded boxes on the Spline Inputs and Configuration GUI screen 80. Once the parameters are entered, you’ll be presented with a geometric representation of the spline coupling model 20.

Creating a spline coupling model 20

The spline coupling model 20 is created by a product model software program 10. The software validates the spline coupling model against a knowledge base of configuration-dependent specification constraints and relationships. This report is then input to the ANSYS stress analyzer program. It lists the spline coupling model 20’s geometric configurations and specification values for each feature. The spline coupling model 20 is automatically recreated every time the configuration or performance specifications of the spline coupling model 20 are modified.
The spline coupling model 20 can be configured using the product model software program 10. A user specifies the axial length of the spline stack, which may be zero, or a fixed length. The user also enters a radial mating face 148, if any, and selects a pilot clearance specification value of 14.5 degrees or 30 degrees.
A user can then use the mouse 110 to modify the spline coupling model 20. The spline coupling knowledge base contains a large number of possible specification values and the spline coupling design rule. If the user tries to change a spline coupling model, the model will show a warning about a violation of another specification. In some cases, the modification may invalidate the design.
In the spline coupling model 20, the user enters additional performance requirement specifications. The user chooses the locations where maximum torque is transferred for the internal and external splines 38 and 40. The maximum torque transfer location is determined by the attachment configuration of the hardware to the shafts. Once this is selected, the user can click “Next” to save the model. A preview of the spline coupling model 20 is displayed.
The model 20 is a representation of a spline coupling. The spline specifications are entered in the order and arrangement as specified on the spline coupling model 20 GUI screen. Once the spline coupling specifications are entered, the product model software program 10 will incorporate them into the spline coupling model 20. This is the last step in spline coupling model creation.
splineshaft

Analysing a spline coupling model 20

An analysis of a spline coupling model consists of inputting its configuration and performance specifications. These specifications may be generated from another computer program. The product model software program 10 then uses its internal knowledge base of configuration dependent specification relationships and constraints to create a valid three-dimensional parametric model 20. This model contains information describing the number and types of spline teeth 32, snaps 34, and shoulder 36.
When you are analysing a spline coupling, the software program 10 will include default values for various specifications. The spline coupling model 20 comprises an internal spline 38 and an external spline 40. Each of the splines includes its own set of parameters, such as its depth, width, length, and radii. The external spline 40 will also contain its own set of parameters, such as its orientation.
Upon selecting these parameters, the software program will perform various analyses on the spline coupling model 20. The software program 10 calculates the nominal and maximal tooth bearing stresses and fatigue life of a spline coupling. It will also determine the difference in torsional windup between an internal and an external spline. The output file from the analysis will be a report file containing model configuration and specification data. The output file may also be used by other computer programs for further analysis.
Once these parameters are set, the user enters the design criteria for the spline coupling model 20. In this step, the user specifies the locations of maximum torque transfer for both the external and internal spline 38. The maximum torque transfer location depends on the configuration of the hardware attached to the shafts. The user may enter up to 4 different performance requirement specifications for each spline.
The results of the analysis show that there are 2 phases of spline coupling. The first phase shows a large increase in stress and vibration. The second phase shows a decline in both stress and vibration levels. The third stage shows a constant meshing force between 300N and 320N. This behavior continues for a longer period of time, until the final stage engages with the surface.
splineshaft

Misalignment of a spline coupling

A study aimed to investigate the position of the resultant contact force in a spline coupling engaging teeth under a steady torque and rotating misalignment. The study used numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) models. It produced numerical results for nominal conditions and parallel offset misalignment. The study considered 2 levels of misalignment – 0.02 mm and 0.08 mm – with different loading levels.
The results showed that the misalignment between the splines and rotors causes a change in the meshing force of the spline-rotor coupling system. Its dynamics is governed by the meshing force of splines. The meshing force of a misaligned spline coupling is related to the rotor-spline coupling system parameters, the transmitting torque, and the dynamic vibration displacement.
Despite the lack of precise measurements, the misalignment of splines is a common problem. This problem is compounded by the fact that splines usually feature backlash. This backlash is the result of the misaligned spline. The authors analyzed several splines, varying pitch diameters, and length/diameter ratios.
A spline coupling is a two-dimensional mechanical system, which has positive backlash. The spline coupling is comprised of a hub and shaft, and has tip-to-root clearances that are larger than the backlash. A form-clearance is sufficient to prevent tip-to-root fillet contact. The torque on the splines is transmitted via friction.
When a spline coupling is misaligned, a torque-biased thrust force is generated. In such a situation, the force can exceed the torque, causing the component to lose its alignment. The two-way transmission of torque and thrust is modeled analytically in the present study. The analytical approach provides solutions that can be integrated into the design process. So, the next time you are faced with a misaligned spline coupling problem, make sure to use an analytical approach!
In this study, the spline coupling is analyzed under nominal conditions without a parallel offset misalignment. The stiffness values obtained are the percentage difference between the nominal pitch diameter and load application diameter. Moreover, the maximum percentage difference in the measured pitch diameter is 1.60% under a torque of 5000 N*m. The other parameter, the pitch angle, is taken into consideration in the calculation.

China high quality Wheel Bearing Kit (OE Ref: 191 498 625 A) for Audi/Seat/VW with high qualityChina high quality Wheel Bearing Kit (OE Ref: 191 498 625 A) for Audi/Seat/VW with high quality

China Hot selling Front Axle Wheel Hub Bearing 42450-0c010 for CZPT with Good quality

Product Description

Wheel Hub Bearing

A hub bearing, also known as a wheel hub bearing, enables the wheels and attached components to rotate smoothly and keeps the wheel attached to the car. The bearings are mounted on a wheel hub, which is located between the brake drums and the axle. 
Wheel bearings wear out over time due to age and contamination. As they wear out, excess play also develops in the bearing. The main signs of a damaged wheel hub bearing are abnormal noises and loose steering.
Our hub bearing assemblies are made from high quality materials for durability, reliability, and high performance. 
A high quality seal design offers premium protection from contamination and ensures a clean, long lasting hub bearing.
Our hub bearings are precision-machined and pre-coated with an anti-corrosion lubricant for enhanced protection and performance. They are manufactured to meet or exceed expectations for performance and fit.
In addition, they are designed for quick and easy installation. Please note: Hub Bearings should always be replaced in pairs (front or rear). 
In addition, hub bearings must be torqued to vehicle specifications to prevent failure.

Solver problem:

  • Frequently unberable
  • Car Jitter
  • Power reduction
  • Car noise

Features:

  • Good Ball: Precision and dimensions are more stable.

  • Good grease: allow the bearing to roll smoother.

  • Durable quality: excellent metal material, wear-resistant and durable.

    All products are all factory full inspection , like ABS detection,noise detection, cleareance detection for completed product, vibration detection, Angular clearance detection, Waterproof and dustproof detection and so on, making products more durable,more safe and life longer.

  • Reduce abnormal noise,Stable driving
  • High security
  • Longer service life and lower maintenance cost.
  • In-situ installation: Original specification,installation in 1 step. With accurately locate mounting holes

Why choose us to be your cooperated supplier from China?
1. A wide range of Wheel Hub Bearing for options.
2. Quality assurance: Advanced equipment, 100% finished product check, all of the products are inpsected carefully by QC before delivery. Product is Safe, Fixed,Stable,Durable.
3. Fast delivery, Prompt response,Professional staffs.
4. The customized components also can be manufactured
5. Neutral packing, export standard carton, or as your requirement.
6. Competive price: Order a HQ container, price will be more favorable.

Related Products
1. A wide range of Radiator Cooling Fan and other parts for options.
2. Quality assurance: Advanced equipment, 100% finished product check, all of the products are inpsected carefully by QC before delivery. Product is Safe, Fixed,Stable,Durable.
3. Fast delivery, Prompt response,Professional staffs.
4. The customized components also can be manufactured
5. Neutral packing, export standard carton, or as your requirement.
6. Competive price: Order a HQ container, price will be more favorable.
FAQ
1. Is the product fit to your car model?
Please check if the parts are suitable for your model before purchase.
Or please tell us your Car Model and OE Number, and tell us the product name.

2. What you can supply to me?
We could supply all kinds of auto spare parts and accessories. Besides ,we provide OEM service, shipping service and QC service as well to make sure you get ONE-STOP purchase process from us.

3. Can you customize the products as per our request?
Yes, we do OEM and ODM. We could make the product suggestion based on your idea and budget.

4. How to get a sample from you?
All samples will be free if unit cost under 20USD,but the freight should be on your side. If you have express account like DHL,UPS etc we will send you directly, if you don’t have you can send express cost to our paypal account, any sample cost could be returned when you make order.

5. What’s your payment term?
We usually doing 30% deposit and 70% balance against copy of B/L by T/T, We also accept L/C ,D/P if total amount over $30000.

Welcome to your inqury now and built a long cooperatitive relationship with our professional service.

Types of Splines

There are 4 types of splines: Involute, Parallel key, helical, and ball. Learn about their characteristics. And, if you’re not sure what they are, you can always request a quotation. These splines are commonly used for building special machinery, repair jobs, and other applications. The CZPT Manufacturing Company manufactures these shafts. It is a specialty manufacturer and we welcome your business.
splineshaft

Involute splines

The involute spline provides a more rigid and durable structure, and is available in a variety of diameters and spline counts. Generally, steel, carbon steel, or titanium are used as raw materials. Other materials, such as carbon fiber, may be suitable. However, titanium can be difficult to produce, so some manufacturers make splines using other constituents.
When splines are used in shafts, they prevent parts from separating during operation. These features make them an ideal choice for securing mechanical assemblies. Splines with inward-curving grooves do not have sharp corners and are therefore less likely to break or separate while they are in operation. These properties help them to withstand high-speed operations, such as braking, accelerating, and reversing.
A male spline is fitted with an externally-oriented face, and a female spline is inserted through the center. The teeth of the male spline typically have chamfered tips to provide clearance with the transition area. The radii and width of the teeth of a male spline are typically larger than those of a female spline. These specifications are specified in ANSI or DIN design manuals.
The effective tooth thickness of a spline depends on the involute profile error and the lead error. Also, the spacing of the spline teeth and keyways can affect the effective tooth thickness. Involute splines in a splined shaft are designed so that at least 25 percent of the spline teeth engage during coupling, which results in a uniform distribution of load and wear on the spline.

Parallel key splines

A parallel splined shaft has a helix of equal-sized grooves around its circumference. These grooves are generally parallel or involute. Splines minimize stress concentrations in stationary joints and allow linear and rotary motion. Splines may be cut or cold-rolled. Cold-rolled splines have more strength than cut spines and are often used in applications that require high strength, accuracy, and a smooth surface.
A parallel key splined shaft features grooves and keys that are parallel to the axis of the shaft. This design is best suited for applications where load bearing is a primary concern and a smooth motion is needed. A parallel key splined shaft can be made from alloy steels, which are iron-based alloys that may also contain chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, or other alloying materials.
A splined shaft can be used to transmit torque and provide anti-rotation when operating as a linear guide. These shafts have square profiles that match up with grooves in a mating piece and transmit torque and rotation. They can also be easily changed in length, and are commonly used in aerospace. Its reliability and fatigue life make it an excellent choice for many applications.
The main difference between a parallel key splined shaft and a keyed shaft is that the former offers more flexibility. They lack slots, which reduce torque-transmitting capacity. Splines offer equal load distribution along the gear teeth, which translates into a longer fatigue life for the shaft. In agricultural applications, shaft life is essential. Agricultural equipment, for example, requires the ability to function at high speeds for extended periods of time.
splineshaft

Involute helical splines

Involute splines are a common design for splined shafts. They are the most commonly used type of splined shaft and feature equal spacing among their teeth. The teeth of this design are also shorter than those of the parallel spline shaft, reducing stress concentration. These splines can be used to transmit power to floating or permanently fixed gears, and reduce stress concentrations in the stationary joint. Involute splines are the most common type of splined shaft, and are widely used for a variety of applications in automotive, machine tools, and more.
Involute helical spline shafts are ideal for applications involving axial motion and rotation. They allow for face coupling engagement and disengagement. This design also allows for a larger diameter than a parallel spline shaft. The result is a highly efficient gearbox. Besides being durable, splines can also be used for other applications involving torque and energy transfer.
A new statistical model can be used to determine the number of teeth that engage for a given load. These splines are characterized by a tight fit at the major diameters, thereby transferring concentricity from the shaft to the female spline. A male spline has chamfered tips for clearance with the transition area. ANSI and DIN design manuals specify the different classes of fit.
The design of involute helical splines is similar to that of gears, and their ridges or teeth are matched with the corresponding grooves in a mating piece. It enables torque and rotation to be transferred to a mate piece while maintaining alignment of the 2 components. Different types of splines are used in different applications. Different splines can have different levels of tooth height.

Involute ball splines

When splines are used, they allow the shaft and hub to engage evenly over the shaft’s entire circumference. Because the teeth are evenly spaced, the load that they can transfer is uniform and their position is always the same regardless of shaft length. Whether the shaft is used to transmit torque or to transmit power, splines are a great choice. They provide maximum strength and allow for linear or rotary motion.
There are 3 basic types of splines: helical, crown, and ball. Crown splines feature equally spaced grooves. Crown splines feature involute sides and parallel sides. Helical splines use involute teeth and are often used in small diameter shafts. Ball splines contain a ball bearing inside the splined shaft to facilitate rotary motion and minimize stress concentration in stationary joints.
The 2 types of splines are classified under the ANSI classes of fit. Fillet root splines have teeth that mesh along the longitudinal axis of rotation. Flat root splines have similar teeth, but are intended to optimize strength for short-term use. Both types of splines are important for ensuring the shaft aligns properly and is not misaligned.
The friction coefficient of the hub is a complex process. When the hub is off-center, the center moves in predictable but irregular motion. Moreover, when the shaft is centered, the center may oscillate between being centered and being off-center. To compensate for this, the torque must be adequate to keep the shaft in its axis during all rotation angles. While straight-sided splines provide similar centering, they have lower misalignment load factors.
splineshaft

Keyed shafts

Essentially, splined shafts have teeth or ridges that fit together to transfer torque. Because splines are not as tall as involute gears, they offer uniform torque transfer. Additionally, they provide the opportunity for torque and rotational changes and improve wear resistance. In addition to their durability, splined shafts are popular in the aerospace industry and provide increased reliability and fatigue life.
Keyed shafts are available in different materials, lengths, and diameters. When used in high-power drive applications, they offer higher torque and rotational speeds. The higher torque they produce helps them deliver power to the gearbox. However, they are not as durable as splined shafts, which is why the latter is usually preferred in these applications. And while they’re more expensive, they’re equally effective when it comes to torque delivery.
Parallel keyed shafts have separate profiles and ridges and are used in applications requiring accuracy and precision. Keyed shafts with rolled splines are 35% stronger than cut splines and are used where precision is essential. These splines also have a smooth finish, which can make them a good choice for precision applications. They also work well with gears and other mechanical systems that require accurate torque transfer.
Carbon steel is another material used for splined shafts. Carbon steel is known for its malleability, and its shallow carbon content helps create reliable motion. However, if you’re looking for something more durable, consider ferrous steel. This type contains metals such as nickel, chromium, and molybdenum. And it’s important to remember that carbon steel is not the only material to consider.

China Hot selling Front Axle Wheel Hub Bearing 42450-0c010 for CZPT with Good qualityChina Hot selling Front Axle Wheel Hub Bearing 42450-0c010 for CZPT with Good quality

China Standard Wheel Bearing (OE: 3350 32) for Peugoet, Citroen near me supplier

Product Description

Criteria

 

Criterion detail
Fitting Position Front Axle left and right
Width 33 mm
Weight 0,64 kg
Inner diameter 37 mm
Outer diameter 72 mm

Manufacturer\’s number*

 

O.E. No. Manufacturer
3350.32 CITROEN/PEUGEOT
3350 32 CITROËN
3350.32 PEUGEOT

* Die aufgeführten Vergleichsnummern dienen nur zu besseren Identifikation.

 

most popular vehicles

 

No. Vehicle Year of manufacture Engine output in kw Engine capacity in cc. KBA-No. (German vehicle registration document)
1 CITROËN SAXO (S0, S1) 1.1 X,SXConstruction year from: 1999/09 
Engine Code: TU1M 		 05/1996 – 09/2003 44KW (60PS) 1,124ccm 3001-283, 3001-731
2 PEUGEOT 306 Hatchback (7A, 7C, N3, N5) 2.0 HDI 90Braking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS 
Organisation number from: 08092 
Rims: with steel rim 		 06/1999 – 05/2001 66KW (90PS) 1,997ccm 3003-882
3 CITROËN SAXO (S0, S1) 1.0 XConstruction year from: 1999/09  05/1998 – 06/2003 37KW (50PS) 954ccm 3001-281
4 CITROËN XSARA Coupe (N0) 1.4 iConstruction year from: 1999/01 
Braking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS 		 03/1998 – 03/2005 55KW (75PS) 1,360ccm 3001-641, 3001-740
5 PEUGEOT 306 Hatchback (7A, 7C, N3, N5) 1.6Type: N5  10/2000 – 05/2001 72KW (98PS) 1,587ccm 3003-522
6 PEUGEOT 306 (7B, N3, N5) 1.6Type: N5  10/2000 – 05/2001 72KW (98PS) 1,587ccm 3003-521
7 PEUGEOT 306 Break (7E, N3, N5) 1.6Type: N5  10/2000 – 04/2002 72KW (98PS) 1,587ccm 3003-523
8 PEUGEOT 306 Convertible (7D, N3, N5) 1.6Type: N5  10/2000 – 04/2002 72KW (98PS) 1,587ccm 3003-524
9 CITROËN XSARA (N1) 1.6 16VBraking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS  09/2000 – 03/2005 80KW (109PS) 1,587ccm 3001-742
10 CITROËN XSARA Break (N2) 1.6 16VBraking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS  09/2000 – 08/2005 80KW (109PS) 1,587ccm 3001-743
11 CITROËN XSARA Coupe (N0) 1.6 16VBraking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS  09/2000 – 03/2005 80KW (109PS) 1,587ccm 3001-742
12 PEUGEOT 106 II (1) 1.5 DConstruction year to: 2004/07  04/1998 – 42KW (57PS) 1,527ccm 3003-796, 3003-881
13 CITROËN C3 I (FC_) 1.1 iConstruction year to: 2009/04 
Braking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS 		 02/2002 – 44KW (60PS) 1,124ccm 3001-788, 3001-ABW
14 CITROËN C3 I (FC_) 1.4 HDiConstruction year to: 2009/04 
Braking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS 		 02/2002 – 50KW (68PS) 1,398ccm 3001-790, 3001-869, 3001-ABX
15 CITROËN C3 I (FC_) 1.4 i BivalentConstruction year to: 2009/04 
Braking / Drive Dynamics: for vehicles without ABS 		 02/2002 – 54KW (73PS) 1,360ccm 3001-787, 3001-AAB, 3001-ABU

Applications of Spline Couplings

A spline coupling is a highly effective means of connecting 2 or more components. These types of couplings are very efficient, as they combine linear motion with rotation, and their efficiency makes them a desirable choice in numerous applications. Read on to learn more about the main characteristics and applications of spline couplings. You will also be able to determine the predicted operation and wear. You can easily design your own couplings by following the steps outlined below.
splineshaft

Optimal design

The spline coupling plays an important role in transmitting torque. It consists of a hub and a shaft with splines that are in surface contact without relative motion. Because they are connected, their angular velocity is the same. The splines can be designed with any profile that minimizes friction. Because they are in contact with each other, the load is not evenly distributed, concentrating on a small area, which can deform the hub surface.
Optimal spline coupling design takes into account several factors, including weight, material characteristics, and performance requirements. In the aeronautics industry, weight is an important design factor. S.A.E. and ANSI tables do not account for weight when calculating the performance requirements of spline couplings. Another critical factor is space. Spline couplings may need to fit in tight spaces, or they may be subject to other configuration constraints.
Optimal design of spline couplers may be characterized by an odd number of teeth. However, this is not always the case. If the external spline’s outer diameter exceeds a certain threshold, the optimal spline coupling model may not be an optimal choice for this application. To optimize a spline coupling for a specific application, the user may need to consider the sizing method that is most appropriate for their application.
Once a design is generated, the next step is to test the resulting spline coupling. The system must check for any design constraints and validate that it can be produced using modern manufacturing techniques. The resulting spline coupling model is then exported to an optimisation tool for further analysis. The method enables a designer to easily manipulate the design of a spline coupling and reduce its weight.
The spline coupling model 20 includes the major structural features of a spline coupling. A product model software program 10 stores default values for each of the spline coupling’s specifications. The resulting spline model is then calculated in accordance with the algorithm used in the present invention. The software allows the designer to enter the spline coupling’s radii, thickness, and orientation.
splineshaft

Characteristics

An important aspect of aero-engine splines is the load distribution among the teeth. The researchers have performed experimental tests and have analyzed the effect of lubrication conditions on the coupling behavior. Then, they devised a theoretical model using a Ruiz parameter to simulate the actual working conditions of spline couplings. This model explains the wear damage caused by the spline couplings by considering the influence of friction, misalignment, and other conditions that are relevant to the splines’ performance.
In order to design a spline coupling, the user first inputs the design criteria for sizing load carrying sections, including the external spline 40 of the spline coupling model 30. Then, the user specifies torque margin performance requirement specifications, such as the yield limit, plastic buckling, and creep buckling. The software program then automatically calculates the size and configuration of the load carrying sections and the shaft. These specifications are then entered into the model software program 10 as specification values.
Various spline coupling configuration specifications are input on the GUI screen 80. The software program 10 then generates a spline coupling model by storing default values for the various specifications. The user then can manipulate the spline coupling model by modifying its various specifications. The final result will be a computer-aided design that enables designers to optimize spline couplings based on their performance and design specifications.
The spline coupling model software program continually evaluates the validity of spline coupling models for a particular application. For example, if a user enters a data value signal corresponding to a parameter signal, the software compares the value of the signal entered to the corresponding value in the knowledge base. If the values are outside the specifications, a warning message is displayed. Once this comparison is completed, the spline coupling model software program outputs a report with the results.
Various spline coupling design factors include weight, material properties, and performance requirements. Weight is 1 of the most important design factors, particularly in the aeronautics field. ANSI and S.A.E. tables do not consider these factors when calculating the load characteristics of spline couplings. Other design requirements may also restrict the configuration of a spline coupling.

Applications

Spline couplings are a type of mechanical joint that connects 2 rotating shafts. Its 2 parts engage teeth that transfer load. Although splines are commonly over-dimensioned, they are still prone to fatigue and static behavior. These properties also make them prone to wear and tear. Therefore, proper design and selection are vital to minimize wear and tear on splines. There are many applications of spline couplings.
A key design is based on the size of the shaft being joined. This allows for the proper spacing of the keys. A novel method of hobbing allows for the formation of tapered bases without interference, and the root of the keys is concentric with the axis. These features enable for high production rates. Various applications of spline couplings can be found in various industries. To learn more, read on.
FE based methodology can predict the wear rate of spline couplings by including the evolution of the coefficient of friction. This method can predict fretting wear from simple round-on-flat geometry, and has been calibrated with experimental data. The predicted wear rate is reasonable compared to the experimental data. Friction evolution in spline couplings depends on the spline geometry. It is also crucial to consider the lubrication condition of the splines.
Using a spline coupling reduces backlash and ensures proper alignment of mated components. The shaft’s splined tooth form transfers rotation from the splined shaft to the internal splined member, which may be a gear or other rotary device. A spline coupling’s root strength and torque requirements determine the type of spline coupling that should be used.
The spline root is usually flat and has a crown on 1 side. The crowned spline has a symmetrical crown at the centerline of the face-width of the spline. As the spline length decreases toward the ends, the teeth are becoming thinner. The tooth diameter is measured in pitch. This means that the male spline has a flat root and a crowned spline.
splineshaft

Predictability

Spindle couplings are used in rotating machinery to connect 2 shafts. They are composed of 2 parts with teeth that engage each other and transfer load. Spline couplings are commonly over-dimensioned and are prone to static and fatigue behavior. Wear phenomena are also a common problem with splines. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the behavior and predictability of these couplings.
Dynamic behavior of spline-rotor couplings is often unclear, particularly if the system is not integrated with the rotor. For example, when a misalignment is not present, the main response frequency is 1 X-rotating speed. As the misalignment increases, the system starts to vibrate in complex ways. Furthermore, as the shaft orbits depart from the origin, the magnitudes of all the frequencies increase. Thus, research results are useful in determining proper design and troubleshooting of rotor systems.
The model of misaligned spline couplings can be obtained by analyzing the stress-compression relationships between 2 spline pairs. The meshing force model of splines is a function of the system mass, transmitting torque, and dynamic vibration displacement. This model holds when the dynamic vibration displacement is small. Besides, the CZPT stepping integration method is stable and has high efficiency.
The slip distributions are a function of the state of lubrication, coefficient of friction, and loading cycles. The predicted wear depths are well within the range of measured values. These predictions are based on the slip distributions. The methodology predicts increased wear under lightly lubricated conditions, but not under added lubrication. The lubrication condition and coefficient of friction are the key factors determining the wear behavior of splines.

China Standard Wheel Bearing (OE: 3350 32) for Peugoet, Citroen near me supplier China Standard Wheel Bearing (OE: 3350 32) for Peugoet, Citroen near me supplier

China supplier Good Price Wheel Bearing Kit Vkba3648 402109697r 7701207358 for Renault Nissan and for Opel with Great quality

Product Description

Basic information:

Description RENAULT MEGANE auto parts VKBA3648
 Material   Chrome steel Gcr15 
 Application   For NISSAN-OPEL-RENAULT 
 Size   Inner: 45 mm
Outer: 88 mm
Width: 39 mm 
 Position   Front wheel 
 With ABS   Yes 
 Weight   1.1 kg 
 Brand   SI,  PPB,  or customized 
 Packing   Neutral,  SI,  PPB brand packing or customized 
 OEM/ODM service   Yes 
 Manufacture place   ZHangZhoug,  China 
 MOQ   50 PCS 
 OEM replacement   Yes 
 Inspection   100% 
 Warranty   1 year or 40, 000-50, 000 KMS 
 Certificate   ISO9001:2015 TS16949 
 Payment   T/T,  PayPal,  Alibaba 

Detailed pictures:

O.E.:
45710-00Q0E
45710-00QAG
45710-00QAK

93161059
93161376
93198742
R

Ref.:
For FAG: 
For FEBI BILSTEIN: 23331
For OPTIMAL: 701247
For SKF: VKBA 3648
For SNR: R155.74

Fit for:
For NISSAN PRIMASTAR Box (X83) 2002-
For OPEL VIVARO A Box (X83) 2001-
For RENAULT ESPACE IV (JK0/1_) 2002-
For RENAULT MEGANE II (BM0/1_, CM0/1_) 2006-
For RENAULT TRAFIC II Box (FL) 2001-
For RENAULT VEL SATIS (BJ0_) 2002-

Other types(contact us for more):
Wheel Bearings, Wheel Hubs, Wheel Bearing And Hub Assembly, Right Front Hub Bearing Assembly, Wheel Bearing Hub Assembly Front, Front Wheel Hub And Bearing Assembly, Abs Hub Bearing Assembly, Wheel Bearing Hub Assembly, Hub And Bearing Assembly Front, Left Front Hub Bearing Assembly, Front Wheel Bearing Hub Assembly Replacement, Wheel Bearing & Hub Assembly, Hub Bearing Assembly, front bearing hub replacement, hub and bearing replacement, wheel hub bearings, front wheel bearing hub assembly, front wheel bearing hub replacement, hub bearing assembly front, wheel hub assembly, bearing assembly, Front Wheel Bearing and Hub Assembly, Front Wheel Drive Hub and Bearing Assembly, Front Axle Bearing & Hub Assembly, Front Bearing Hub Assembly, Wheel Bearing Hub

VKBA 1933 SUZUKI
VKBA 1936 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1938 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1946 MAZDA
VKBA 1948 KIA,MAZDA
VKBA 1949 MAZDA
VKBA 1950 KIA,MAZDA
VKBA 1951 TOYOTA,VW
VKBA 1953 NISSAN
VKBA 1955 NISSAN
VKBA 1956 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1961 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1962 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1963 I-SUZU
VKBA 1965 TOYOTA
VKBA 1966 TOYOTA
VKBA 1967 NISSAN
VKBA 1970 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1971 SUZUKI
VKBA 1972 DAEWOO,SUZUKI
VKBA 1973 HYUNDAI,MITSUBISHI
VKBA 1978 SUZUKI
VKBA 1979 DAEWOO,SUZUKI
VKBA 1980 MAZDA
VKBA 1984 MAZDA
VKBA 1985 HONDA,I-SUZU,O-PEL,VAUXHALL
VKBA 1986 I-SUZU
VKBA 1990 DAIHATSU
VKBA 1991 DAIHATSU
VKBA 1992 HYUNDAI
VKBA 1998 MAZDA
VKBA 1999 NISSAN
VKBA 310 FIAT,SEAT
VKBA 3200 NISSAN
VKBA 3201 NISSAN
VKBA 3202 NISSAN
VKBA 3204 NISSAN
VKBA 3205 NISSAN
VKBA 3206 NISSAN
VKBA 3209 KIA,MAZDA
VKBA 3213 TOYOTA
VKBA 3214 L-EXUS,TOYOTA
VKBA 3215 L-EXUS,TOYOTA
VKBA 3216 TOYOTA
VKBA 3217 TOYOTA
VKBA 3218 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 3219 SUZUKI
VKBA 3220 SUZUKI
VKBA 3221 NISSAN
VKBA 3222 NISSAN
VKBA 3223 NISSAN
VKBA 3224 NISSAN
VKBA 3225 NISSAN
VKBA 3232 NISSAN
VKBA 3234 TOYOTA
VKBA 3235 S-UBARU
VKBA 3236 S-UBARU
VKBA 3237 TOYOTA
VKBA 3240 TOYOTA
VKBA 3245 HONDA
VKBA 3246 HONDA
VKBA 3250 HONDA,ROVER
VKBA 3251 HONDA,ROVER
VKBA 3254 HONDA
VKBA 3255 DAEWOO
VKBA 3256 DAEWOO
VKBA 3257 DAEWOO
VKBA 3259 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3262 CHEVROLET,DAEWOO
VKBA 3263 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3264 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3265 HYUNDAI,KIA
VKBA 3266 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3267 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3268 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3269 CHEVROLET,DAEWOO
VKBA 3270 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3271 HYUNDAI
VKBA 3272 NISSAN
VKBA 3279 KIA
VKBA 3280 KIA
VKBA 3281 S-UBARU
VKBA 3282 HONDA
VKBA 3283 DAEWOO
VKBA 3284 KIA
VKBA 3285 KIA
VKBA 3289 SUZUKI
VKBA 3294 DAIHATSU,PERODUA
VKBA 3295 DAIHATSU
VKBA 3296 DAIHATSU
VKBA 3298 MAZDA
VKBA 3299 HONDA
VKBA 3300 HONDA
VKBA 3301 HONDA
VKBA 3302 HONDA
VKBA 3303 HONDA
VKBA 3304 HONDA
VKBA 3305 MITSUBISHI,PROTON
VKBA 3306 MITSUBISHI,PROTON
VKBA 3307 MITSUBISHI,PROTON
VKBA 3308 TOYOTA
VKBA 3309 MITSUBISHI,PROTON
VKBA 3310 NISSAN
VKBA 3311 NISSAN
VKBA 3314 NISSAN
VKBA 3319 NISSAN
VKBA 3320 NISSAN
VKBA 3321 NISSAN
VKBA 3322 DAIHATSU
VKBA 3325 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 3326 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 3327 MITSUBISHI
VKBA 3328 HONDA
VKBA 3330 NISSAN
VKBA 3331 NISSAN
VKBA 3332 NISSAN
VKBA 3341 TOYOTA
VKBA 3344 TOYOTA
VKBA 3345 TOYOTA
VKBA 3348 HONDA
VKBA 3349 HONDA
VKBA 3400 MERCEDES-BENZ
VKBA 3401 V-OLVO
VKBA 3403 O-PEL,VAUXHALL
VKBA 3404 MERCEDES-BENZ
VKBA 3405 MERCEDES-BENZ

FAQ:
Q1.What is your shipping logistic?
Re: DHL, TNT, FedEx express, by air/sea/train.

Q2:What’s the MOQ?
Re: For the wheel hub bearing repair kit. The MOQ is always 50 sets. If ordering together with other models, a small quantities can be organized. But need more time due to the production schedule.

Q3. What are your goods of packing?
Re: Generally, our goods will be packed in Neutral white or brown boxes for the hub bearing unit. Our brand packing SI & CZPT are offered. If you have any other packing requests, we shall also handle them.

Q4. What is your sample policy?
Re: We can supply the sample if we have ready parts in stock.

Q5. Do you have any certificates?
Re: Yes, we have the certificate of ISO9001:2015.

Q6:Any warranty of your products.
Re: Sure, We are offering a guaranty for 12 months or 40,000-50,000 km for the aftermarket.

 

How to Choose the Right Worm Shaft

You might be curious to know how to choose the right Worm Shaft. In this article, you will learn about worm modules with the same pitch diameter, Double-thread worm gears, and Self-locking worm drive. Once you have chosen the proper Worm Shaft, you will find it easier to use the equipment in your home. There are many advantages to selecting the right Worm Shaft. Read on to learn more.
worm shaft

Concave shape

The concave shape of a worm’s shaft is an important characteristic for the design of a worm gearing. Worm gearings can be found in a wide range of shapes, and the basic profile parameters are available in professional and firm literature. These parameters are used in geometry calculations, and a selection of the right worm gearing for a particular application can be based on these requirements.
The thread profile of a worm is defined by the tangent to the axis of its main cylinder. The teeth are shaped in a straight line with a slightly concave shape along the sides. It resembles a helical gear, and the profile of the worm itself is straight. This type of gearing is often used when the number of teeth is greater than a certain limit.
The geometry of a worm gear depends on the type and manufacturer. In the earliest days, worms were made similar to simple screw threads, and could be chased on a lathe. During this time, the worm was often made with straight-sided tools to produce threads in the acme plane. Later, grinding techniques improved the thread finish and reduced distortions resulting from hardening.
When a worm gearing has multiple teeth, the pitch angle is a key parameter. A greater pitch angle increases efficiency. If you want to increase the pitch angle without increasing the number of teeth, you can replace a worm pair with a different number of thread starts. The helix angle must increase while the center distance remains constant. A higher pitch angle, however, is almost never used for power transmissions.
The minimum number of gear teeth depends on the angle of pressure at zero gearing correction. The diameter of the worm is d1, and is based on a known module value, mx or mn. Generally, larger values of m are assigned to larger modules. And a smaller number of teeth is called a low pitch angle. In case of a low pitch angle, spiral gearing is used. The pitch angle of the worm gear is smaller than 10 degrees.
worm shaft

Multiple-thread worms

Multi-thread worms can be divided into sets of one, two, or 4 threads. The ratio is determined by the number of threads on each set and the number of teeth on the apparatus. The most common worm thread counts are 1,2,4, and 6. To find out how many threads you have, count the start and end of each thread and divide by two. Using this method, you will get the correct thread count every time.
The tangent plane of a worm’s pitch profile changes as the worm moves lengthwise along the thread. The lead angle is greatest at the throat, and decreases on both sides. The curvature radius r” varies proportionally with the worm’s radius, or pitch angle at the considered point. Hence, the worm leads angle, r, is increased with decreased inclination and decreases with increasing inclination.
Multi-thread worms are characterized by a constant leverage between the gear surface and the worm threads. The ratio of worm-tooth surfaces to the worm’s length varies, which enables the wormgear to be adjusted in the same direction. To optimize the gear contact between the worm and gear, the tangent relationship between the 2 surfaces is optimal.
The efficiency of worm gear drives is largely dependent on the helix angle of the worm. Multiple thread worms can improve the efficiency of the worm gear drive by as much as 25 to 50% compared to single-thread worms. Worm gears are made of bronze, which reduces friction and heat on the worm’s teeth. A specialized machine can cut the worm gears for maximum efficiency.

Double-thread worm gears

In many different applications, worm gears are used to drive a worm wheel. These gears are unique in that the worm cannot be reversed by the power applied to the worm wheel. Because of their self-locking properties, they can be used to prevent reversing motion, although this is not a dependable function. Applications for worm gears include hoisting equipment, elevators, chain blocks, fishing reels, and automotive power steering. Because of their compact size, these gears are often used in applications with limited space.
Worm sets typically exhibit more wear than other types of gears, and this means that they require more limited contact patterns in new parts. Worm wheel teeth are concave, making it difficult to measure tooth thickness with pins, balls, and gear tooth calipers. To measure tooth thickness, however, you can measure backlash, a measurement of the spacing between teeth in a gear. Backlash can vary from 1 worm gear to another, so it is important to check the backlash at several points. If the backlash is different in 2 places, this indicates that the teeth may have different spacing.
Single-thread worm gears provide high speed reduction but lower efficiency. A multi-thread worm gear can provide high efficiency and high speed, but this comes with a trade-off in terms of horsepower. However, there are many other applications for worm gears. In addition to heavy-duty applications, they are often used in light-duty gearboxes for a variety of functions. When used in conjunction with double-thread worms, they allow for a substantial speed reduction in 1 step.
Stainless-steel worm gears can be used in damp environments. The worm gear is not susceptible to rust and is ideal for wet and damp environments. The worm wheel’s smooth surfaces make cleaning them easy. However, they do require lubricants. The most common lubricant for worm gears is mineral oil. This lubricant is designed to protect the worm drive.
worm shaft

Self-locking worm drive

A self-locking worm drive prevents the platform from moving backward when the motor stops. A dynamic self-locking worm drive is also possible but does not include a holding brake. This type of self-locking worm drive is not susceptible to vibrations, but may rattle if released. In addition, it may require an additional brake to keep the platform from moving. A positive brake may be necessary for safety.
A self-locking worm drive does not allow for the interchangeability of the driven and driving gears. This is unlike spur gear trains that allow both to interchange positions. In a self-locking worm drive, the driving gear is always engaged and the driven gear remains stationary. The drive mechanism locks automatically when the worm is operated in the wrong manner. Several sources of information on self-locking worm gears include the Machinery’s Handbook.
A self-locking worm drive is not difficult to build and has a great mechanical advantage. In fact, the output of a self-locking worm drive cannot be backdriven by the input shaft. DIYers can build a self-locking worm drive by modifying threaded rods and off-the-shelf gears. However, it is easier to make a ratchet and pawl mechanism, and is significantly less expensive. However, it is important to understand that you can only drive 1 worm at a time.
Another advantage of a self-locking worm drive is the fact that it is not possible to interchange the input and output shafts. This is a major benefit of using such a mechanism, as you can achieve high gear reduction without increasing the size of the gear box. If you’re thinking about buying a self-locking worm gear for a specific application, consider the following tips to make the right choice.
An enveloping worm gear set is best for applications requiring high accuracy and efficiency, and minimum backlash. Its teeth are shaped differently, and the worm’s threads are modified to increase surface contact. They are more expensive to manufacture than their single-start counterparts, but this type is best for applications where accuracy is crucial. The worm drive is also a great option for heavy trucks because of their large size and high-torque capacity.

China supplier Good Price Wheel Bearing Kit Vkba3648 402109697r 7701207358 for Renault Nissan and for Opel with Great qualityChina supplier Good Price Wheel Bearing Kit Vkba3648 402109697r 7701207358 for Renault Nissan and for Opel with Great quality

China wholesaler Front Wheel Hub Bearing for E60 E83 31226751978 with Free Design Custom

Product Description

Product Description

 

Product name Front wheel bearing
OE number 31226751978
Quality OE standard
Fits for E60 E61
Application Auto suspension parts
Package Brand, neutral or customized package
Port HangZhou
Payment T/T, Western Union, PayPal, Trade Assurance
MOQ 10 pieces

Packaging & Shipping

With stock… 3-7 days
Without stock… 7-15 days
Shipping Sea, air, express, etc.
Shipping Term EXW HangZhou

We supply parts for…

 

3 series E30 E36 E46 E90 F30 F35 C-Class W202 W203 W204
5 Series E34 E39 E60 F10 F18 E-Class W124 W210 W211 W212
7 Series E32 E38 E65/E66 F01 F02 GL X164 X204
X1 E84 ML W163 W164
X3 E83 F25 R W251 V251
X5 E53 E70 S W140 W220 W221
Gasket Cylinder Head Oil Seal Air Filter
Fuel Filter Air Mass Meter Belt Starter
Engine Mount Belt Tensioner Radiator
Fan		 Expansion Valve
Ignition Coil Tie Rod End Water Pump Thermostat
Shock Absorber Power Steering Pump Oxygen Sensor Stabilizer Link
Oil Pump Solenoid Valve Axle Rod Boll Joint
Drive shaft Window Lifter Wheel Bolt Gas Spring

Company Profile

 

Established in 1994, HangZhou Best Auto Parts Co., Ltd. is a global and professional supplier, focusing on CZPT brand auto parts, provides chassis parts and maintenance parts which fit for German luxury cars. With more than 25 years co-operation with repair shops, distributors, agents and manufactures, we have built our global manufacturing standard and sales network over the world. Originated from Germany, CZPT adheres to the spirit of craftsmanship, providing safe, high quality and trusted auto parts. We believe that we should shoulder the responsibility and mission on revitalizing Chinese national automotive parts industry, and make CZPT famous in the world.

Certifications

FAQ

 

Q1: What’s your advantages?
1. Reasonable price and reliable quality;
2. Two years or 60,000 kilometers warranty (For chassis parts only, please ask for the range);
3. Satisfying and swift after-sale service;
4. Quick and safe modes of payment;
5. Ships items timely and quickly.
Q2: To which places have you exported?
Africa, South America, Asia, middle east and so on.
Q3: What products you sell right now?
1. Suspension parts series;
2. Brake system parts series;
3. Engine cooling parts series;
4. Electronic parts series;
5. Steering parts and links series;
6. Drive shaft series;
7. Oil and fuel series (Filters, pumps, etc.)
8. Mounting parts series (Engine mount, transmission mount, etc.)
Q4: How to guarantee the quality of your product?
1. Strict inspection during production;
2. Recheck the products before shipment;
3. Track and receive feedback from our customers.
Q5: How about your delivery time?
7-25 Days after receiving your payment.

Standard Length Splined Shafts

Standard Length Splined Shafts are made from Mild Steel and are perfect for most repair jobs, custom machinery building, and many other applications. All stock splined shafts are 2-3/4 inches in length, and full splines are available in any length, with additional materials and working lengths available upon request and quotation. CZPT Manufacturing Company is proud to offer these standard length shafts.
splineshaft

Disc brake mounting interfaces that are splined

There are 2 common disc brake mounting interfaces, splined and center lock. Disc brakes with splined interfaces are more common. They are usually easier to install. The center lock system requires a tool to remove the locking ring on the disc hub. Six-bolt rotors are easier to install and require only 6 bolts. The center lock system is commonly used with performance road bikes.
Post mount disc brakes require a post mount adapter, while flat mount disc brakes do not. Post mount adapters are more common and are used for carbon mountain bikes, while flat mount interfaces are becoming the norm on road and gravel bikes. All disc brake adapters are adjustable for rotor size, though. Road bikes usually use 160mm rotors while mountain bikes use rotors that are 180mm or 200mm.
splineshaft

Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helical splined

A helical splined disc brake mounting interface is designed with a splined connection between the hub and brake disc. This splined connection allows for a relatively large amount of radial and rotational displacement between the disc and hub. A loosely splined interface can cause a rattling noise due to the movement of the disc in relation to the hub.
The splines on the brake disc and hub are connected via an air gap. The air gap helps reduce heat conduction from the brake disc to the hub. The present invention addresses problems of noise, heat, and retraction of brake discs at the release of the brake. It also addresses issues with skewing and dragging. If you’re unsure whether this type of mounting interface is right for you, consult your mechanic.
Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helix-splined may be used in conjunction with other components of a wheel. They are particularly useful in disc brake mounting interfaces for hub-to-hub assemblies. The spacer elements, which are preferably located circumferentially, provide substantially the same function no matter how the brake disc rotates. Preferably, 3 spacer elements are located around the brake disc. Each of these spacer elements has equal clearance between the splines of the brake disc and the hub.
Spacer elements 6 include a helical spring portion 6.1 and extensions in tangential directions that terminate in hooks 6.4. These hooks abut against the brake disc 1 in both directions. The helical spring portion 5.1 and 6.1 have stiffness enough to absorb radial impacts. The spacer elements are arranged around the circumference of the intermeshing zone.
A helical splined disc mount includes a stabilizing element formed as a helical spring. The helical spring extends to the disc’s splines and teeth. The ends of the extension extend in opposite directions, while brackets at each end engage with the disc’s splines and teeth. This stabilizing element is positioned axially over the disc’s width.
Helical splined disc brake mounting interfaces are popular in bicycles and road bicycles. They’re a reliable, durable way to mount your brakes. Splines are widely used in aerospace, and have a higher fatigue life and reliability. The interfaces between the splined disc brake and BB spindle are made from aluminum and acetate.
As the splined hub mounts the disc in a helical fashion, the spring wire and disc 2 will be positioned in close contact. As the spring wire contacts the disc, it creates friction forces that are evenly distributed throughout the disc. This allows for a wide range of axial motion. Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helical splined have higher strength and stiffness than their counterparts.
Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helically splined can have a wide range of splined surfaces. The splined surfaces are the most common type of disc brake mounting interfaces. They are typically made of stainless steel or aluminum and can be used for a variety of applications. However, a splined disc mount will not support a disc with an oversized brake caliper.

China wholesaler Front Wheel Hub Bearing for E60 E83 31226751978 with Free Design CustomChina wholesaler Front Wheel Hub Bearing for E60 E83 31226751978 with Free Design Custom